匯報時間：2022年3月10日 18:30——20:00
匯報地點：思學樓B108
匯報學生：陳秋如
指導教師：李虎
匯報題目：《機輛部規(guī)章制度匯編》
參與導師：李虎、胥瑾、何姍、胡登攀
內(nèi)容簡介：
該文本選自《機輛部規(guī)章制度匯編》，由中國路橋有限責任公司蒙內(nèi)鐵路運營公司編制，屬于信息型文本，選取該文本第386—435頁的內(nèi)容，一共18267字。該部分內(nèi)容介紹了機車鑒定辦法，探傷工作管理辦法，輪對管理辦法，互換配件管理辦法，機車履歷管理制度，車輛檢修質(zhì)量“三檢一驗”辦法，工藝裝備管理辦法，機務技術保障細則。
譯文修改：
例1：
ST: 機車鑒定工作完成后，要做好分析、總結，填寫鑒定成績表，十日內(nèi)將鑒定總結和鑒定成績報機輛部。
TT1: Based on analysis, summary and ratings of the appraisal shall be submitted to Department of Locomotive & Rolling Stock within 10 days after the appraisal.
TT2: After the appraisal, analysis shall be conducted. Summary and ratings of the appraisal shall be made and submitted to Department of Locomotive & Rolling Stock within 10 days.
反思：第一個版本中，我將“要做好分析、總結”處理為“基于分析”，刪減“填寫鑒定成績表”。老師們認為規(guī)章制度的作用在于提供操作指導，因此不能省譯步驟。所以建議我從分析處斷句，將原句切分成兩個句子。
例2：
ST: 蒙內(nèi)機輛探傷工作實行分級負責，統(tǒng)一管理。探傷工作由機輛部設備工程師負責組織，維保廠家設獨立的探傷班組，探傷組業(yè)務上受主管專業(yè)工程師指導，行政上受維保廠家領導。探傷工作具體分工如下：
TT1: The flaw detection of locomotives shall be carried out with graded responsibilities and unified management. The equipment engineer in Department of Locomotive & Rolling Stock is in charge of organization; Maintenance unit sets up an independent flaw detection team, who is technically directed by chief expert engineer and administratively led by the Unit. The work division of flaw detection is as follows:
TT2: The flaw detection of locomotives shall be carried out under the general leadership. The equipment engineer in Department of Locomotive & Rolling Stock is in charge of organization; Maintenance manufacturer sets up an independent flaw detection team, who is technically directed by chief expert engineer and administratively led by the manufacturer. The work division of flaw detection is as follows:
反思：這一句我主要是不確定應該如何處理“分級負責，統(tǒng)一管理”這樣的中式表達。老師們認為，這種提綱式的句子可以直接刪除，但是由于后文很多段落都是這樣的形式，如果都進行刪除，做法欠妥當。于是建議我將分級負責和統(tǒng)一管理分開理解，只需要在這一句翻譯統(tǒng)一管理，后文則是對分級負責進行詳細的解釋，故可以省譯。
例3：
ST: 嚴格執(zhí)行“五不探制度”，督促、檢查探傷人員嚴格執(zhí)行探傷范圍、標準、工藝及有關規(guī)章制度，做到不簡化、不漏探，確保探傷質(zhì)量。
TT1: Strictly following “five no flaw detection” rules, urging and inspecting the detectors to operate in accordance with the scope, standard, process and regulations of flaw detection, avoid simplification and omission for the flaw detection quality.
TT2: Strictly following “five rules of no flaw detection”, urging and inspecting the detection operators to operate in accordance with the scope, standard, process and regulations, avoiding underwork to guarantee the accuracy of flaw detection work.
反思：這一句的難點在于“五不探制度，不簡化、不漏探”的翻譯。文本中存在很多五不探制度這樣的標題，因此要在理解其具體含義之后進行翻譯，五不探制度實際上指的是不進行探傷的五個條例。不簡化、不漏探的翻譯，老師們認為非常機械，建議我譯為underwork。
例4：
ST: 督促相關班組將探傷范圍內(nèi)的配件送往指定地點，對漏送的配件及時通知有關工長、質(zhì)檢員制止裝車使用。
TT1: Urging and supervising relevant teams to send parts within the scope of flaw detection to the designated sites, and timely informing foremen and quality inspectors concerned to stop assembly in case of missed parts.
TT2: Urging and supervising relevant teams to send parts which shall be inspected to the designated sites, and timely informing foremen and quality inspectors concerned to stop assembly in the case of omitted parts.
反思：這一句也存在對原文理解不到位的問題，探傷范圍內(nèi)的配件實際上指的是應該被探傷的配件，所以原來的翻譯還需要進行優(yōu)化。漏送的配件譯為missed不妥當，因為miss有丟失的意思，會產(chǎn)生歧義。
例5：
ST: 因檢測手段、檢測設備變動等原因，造成探傷人員工作環(huán)境、作業(yè)條件、勞動強度等變化時，主管工程師、檢修副主任要及時向安全員反映情況，安全員按有關規(guī)定對探傷人員勞動保護的品種及數(shù)量進行變更。
TT1: In case of changes in operation environment, operation conditions and working intensity of flaw detectors caused by changes in the methods and equipment of detection, the engineer in charge and deputy maintenance director shall immediately report to the HSE engineer, who shall then change the type and quantity of labor protection appliance of flaw detectors according to regulations.
TT2: When working environment, operation conditions and working intensity of flaw detection operators change due to changes in the methods and equipment of inspection, the engineer in charge and deputy maintenance director shall immediately report to the HSE engineer, who shall then change the type and quantity of labor protection appliance of flaw detection operators according to regulations.
反思：譯文1對第一句條件狀語的翻譯不清晰很繞，老師們認為可以直接用when引導的狀語從句翻譯，根據(jù)英文中名詞化現(xiàn)象的特點，將caused by替換為due to，更符合英文的表達習慣。
例6：
ST: 工作中應避免強磁場干擾和強振蕩，連續(xù)開機時間超過2小時，應停機降溫15分鐘。
TT1: Strong magnetic field interference and strong oscillation shall be avoided in the work. And continuous operation over 2 hours shall be followed by 15 minutes’ shutdown for cooling.
TT2: Strong magnetic field interference and strong oscillation shall be avoided in the work. And the instruments shall be stopped for cooling for 15 minutes after continuous operation over 2 hours.
反思：在第一個版本的翻譯中，我為了照顧英文善用名詞的習慣，將“開機，停機”都處理成了名詞，但參與研討的老師認為這樣的翻譯很奇怪，反而適得其反。因此建議我將“停機”譯為stop，將“連續(xù)開機時間超過2小時”處理為“after continuous operation over 2 hours”。
例7：
ST: 每月由主管工程師、安全員、維保廠家負責人具體負責檢查、落實探傷人員勞動保護工作，檢查內(nèi)容包括勞動保護發(fā)放是否及時，數(shù)量是否符合定量標準、質(zhì)量是否符合要求。檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題要及時與有關部門協(xié)調(diào)，予以糾正。
TT1: Every month, the chief engineers, HSE engineers and maintenance factory heads shall inspect the implementation of the labor protection of flaw detectors to make sure the distribution of labor protection is timely and conforms with the quantitative and qualitative standards. The problems found during the inspection shall be timely coordinated with and rectified by departments concerned.
TT2: Every month, the chief engineers, HSE engineers and maintenance factory heads shall inspect labor protection provided for flaw detection operators to make sure that the sufficient labor protection appliances with standard quality is timely distributed. The problems found during the inspection shall be timely coordinated with and rectified by departments concerned.
反思：長句是本翻譯文本的特點之一。本句將“檢查內(nèi)容。。。”譯為to引導的目的狀語，然后對中文原文進行了重新理解，轉(zhuǎn)換為“檢查的目的是為了確保符合要求的，足夠的勞動保護用品被及時發(fā)放”。更容易被譯文讀者接受。
例8：
ST: 輪對履歷薄填滿后，只能增續(xù)不允許更新，履歷薄隨輪對轉(zhuǎn)移。
TT1: When the wheel-set logbook is written, addition of logbook is allowed instead of updating. The logbook shall be transferred with the wheel-set.
TT2: When the whole wheel-set logbook is written up, it shall be extended rather than replaced. The logbook shall be transferred with the wheel-set.
反思：這一句我對“更新”這個詞錯誤，update在英文中指的是計算機軟件版本的更新，而在本句中，更新指的是機車履歷簿的替換，因此可以用replace來翻譯。
總結：此次翻譯研討，我受益匪淺。原文中有很多口號，中文式表達，老師們認為我對這樣的文本的理解僅僅是停留在字面上，沒有深入挖掘文本背后的真實意義，因此譯文只是對原文的機械翻譯，沒有體現(xiàn)個人的思考。由于原文本屬于信息型文本，因此在翻譯過程中，為了便于譯語讀者的理解，應該對原文進行重新理解，調(diào)整措辭或語序，準確的傳遞信息。
