匯報時間：2022年3月24日18:30-20:00
匯報地點：騰訊會議
匯報學生：歐陽麗
指導教師：羅琴琴
匯報題目：《中國社會創新之路》（第一章）漢英實踐報告
參與導師：羅琴琴、龍仕文、何姍、陳婧
內容簡介：
本次翻譯報告中的翻譯材料選自龔維斌主編的《中國社會治理創新之路》第一章。這本書的主題為新時代中國社會治理的新趨勢，其閱讀對象主要是專業的社會學研究人員和公務人員。第一章主要圍繞社會治理主體的多元化展開，以 “黨委領導、政府負責、社會協同、公眾參與、法治保障”的社會治理體制為框架，重點論述了社會管理邁向社會治理理念的重要變革。
政治類文本用語正式，邏輯嚴密，風格獨特，獨有一定的深刻性、嚴肅性，翻譯過程中需關注的難點之一在于中國特色詞匯、引用的古文和長句的準確翻譯，比如“國無常強，無常弱。奉法者強則國強，奉法者弱則過弱”的翻譯。難點之二在于源語與目的語的語言環境和文化背景差異，正確傳達譯文信息并且使讀者能夠較好地理解譯文所表達的意思，因而在翻譯之前還需全面了解中外政治體制和社會治理方式的差異。難點之三在于避免譯文的碎片化，保證全文的整體性和連貫性。
譯文修改：
1. 黨的十八屆三中全會從推進國家治理體系和治理能力現代化的戰略高度，提出了加強黨委領導，發揮政府主導作用，鼓勵和支持社會各方面參與，實現政府治理和社會自我調節、居民自治良性互動的創新社會治理的戰略要求。（長句，多個動詞的安置）
TT1:The third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, from the strategic height of promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity, put forward the strategic requirements of strengthening the leadership of the Party Committee, giving play to the leading role of the government, encouraging and supporting the participation of all sectors of society, and realizing the positive interaction between government governance and social self-regulation and resident autonomy.
TT2:From the strategic perspective of modernizing of national governance system and capacity, the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward requirements of innovating social governance: to strengthen the leadership of the Party Committee, give play to the leading role of the government, encouraging and supporting the participation of all parties in society to realize the requirement of the positive interaction between government governance, social self-regulation and resident autonomy.
TT3: From the strategic perspective of modernizing of national governance system and capacity, the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward requirements of reforming social governance system: the Party committees exercise leadership, government assumes responsibility, and non-governmental actors get involved, to realize the positive interaction requirement of social governance innovation among government governance, social self-regulation and resident autonomy.
研討反思：研討前，我理不清句子的邏輯，認為所有的短句都是平行的，所以把它們翻譯成了并列關系，而且還漏譯了句尾的“創新社會治理”。與老師們討論之后，一致認為提出的“加強”“發揮”“鼓勵和支持”是平行的，是提出的措施，后面的“實現”是目的，應該用to 銜接最后的目的。也補譯了句尾的“創新社會治理”。
2. 黨的十九大進一步提出，要完善 “黨委領導、政府負責、社會協同、公眾參與、法治保障”的社會治理體制，構建全民共建共治共享的社會治理格局。
TT1:The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further proposed that to improve the social governance system which led by the party committee, governed by the government, cooperated by the society and participated by the public, to build a social governance pattern featuring joint contribution and governance and shared benefits by the whole people.
TT2: The 19th CPC National Congress proposed that we will improve the law-based social governance model under which Party committees exercise leadership, government assumes responsibility, non-governmental actors provide assistance, and the public get involved, to establish a social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and common interests.
研討反思：研討前，我不知道“黨委領導、政府負責、社會協同、公眾參與、法治保障”的標準譯法，經過老師的推薦，我在《治國理政》英文版找到了原文的譯法，根據李長栓《非文學翻譯與實踐》中“成語優先”原則，選用已有的官方出版書籍上的譯法。
3. 習近平同志指出，“不論過去、現在和將來，我們都要堅持一切為了群眾，一切依靠群眾，從群眾中來，到群眾中去，把黨的主張變為群眾的自覺行動，把群眾路線貫徹到治國理政全部活動之中。”
TT1: Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out that “No matter in the past, now and future, we must insist on the principle of doing everything for the masses, by the masses, from the masses and toward/to the masses, to turn the Party’s propositions into the conscious.”
TT2: As Xi Jingping said, “We have always been and will always be obligated to do everything in the interests of the people and rely on their strength, and carry out the principle of ‘from the people, to the people’, translating the Party’s policies into the people’s conscientious action and implementing the mass line in all government activities”.
研討反思：研討前，我不知道“一切為了群眾，一切依靠群眾，從群眾中來，到群眾中去”的標準譯法，經過老師的推薦，我在《治國理政》英文版找到了原文的譯法，根據李長栓《非文學翻譯與實踐》中“成語優先”原則，選用已有的官方出版書籍上的譯法。
4. 這一時期黨和政府主要工作重點是以經濟建設為中心，各項工作均為經濟建設服務，在市場化的改革中逐步放松管制、放寬政策。
TT1: During this period, the main focus of the Party and the government’s work was economic construction. All the work served for economic construction. In the process of market-based reform, the Party and government gradually reduce control in management and policies.
TT2: During this period, the Party and the government took economic development as the central task, and all the work served for economic development. In the process of market-based reform, the Party and government gradually reduce limitations in management and relax control in policies.
研討反思：研討前，我認為“放松管制、放寬政策”就是“放松管理和政策”，所以把兩者合譯，經過和老師們的討論，我決定接受老師的建議，按照原文的結構分開翻譯，并且適當增譯，完整表達原意。
5. 古人云，“國無常強，無常弱。奉法者強則國強，奉法者弱則過弱”。
TT1: The ancients said, “Nations will not always be strong, nor will they always be weak. If those who enforce the law are resolute, the country will be strong. When the law enforcers are weak, the nation will be weak.”
TT2: As the saying goes, “A country will not always be strong, nor will it always be weak; it will be strong for strong enforcement of laws, also, it will be weak for weak enforcement of laws’.
TT3: Hanfei, an ideologist in the Warring States period, he wrote that “a country will not always be strong, nor will it always be weak; it will be strong for strong enforcement of laws, also, it will be weak for weak enforcement of laws” in his book Hanfeizi.
研討反思：研討前，我認為“古人云”就是一句套話，所以把它泛泛而譯，經過和老師們的討論，為了更完整清楚地表達出原文意思，要增加一些解釋，通過資料查證，這句話是《韓非子》里面的名句，適當增加了這句話出處的介紹，并且遵從目的論連貫性原則，按照原文的風格，進行翻譯，保留詞匯的重復，強調奉法者強弱和國家強弱的關系。
6. “有國有家者,不患寡而患不均，不患貧而患不安。蓋均無貧，和無寡，安無傾”。
TT1: No matter whether a prince who has a state or a minister who has a fiefdom, he was not worried about the lack of things but the uneven distribution, not about poverty but the social instability. If wealth is equal, there is no poverty; If people live in peace and unity, they don’t think the country is not populated enough; And a country will not be in danger if it is safe within its borders.
TT2: Confucius said in the Analects that “a nation or a family does not worry that it has little but that that little is unevenly apportioned, does not worry that it is poor but that it is unstable. Because with equitable distribution there is no real poverty, with harmony, no real scarcity, with stability, no real peril”.
研討反思：研討前，我直譯出了這句話的意思，并沒有補充文化背景和出處，經過和老師們的討論，為了更完整清楚地表達出原文意思，要增加一些解釋，通過資料查證，這句話是《論語》里面的名句，適當增加了這句話出處的介紹，并且遵從目的論連貫性原則，按照原文的風格，進行翻譯，突出來了平均分配的重要性。
7. 政府是推進社會協同的關鍵主體，社會治理創新要更好地發揮政府在社會協同中的作用，首先要處理好政府 “掌舵”與社會 “劃槳”的關系。
TT1: The government is the key subject to promote social coordination. In order to give full play to the role of the government in social coordination, we must first deal with the relationship between the government “steering” and the society “rowing”.
TT2: As a principal part of promoting social coordination, the government should play a better role in social coordination during innovation in social governance; first of all, we should coordinate the duties assignment of “steering” and “rowing” between the government and the society.
研討反思：研討前，我直譯了“政府 ‘掌舵’與社會 ‘劃槳’”，但這句話是一個雙關，并不是表面的掌舵和劃槳，而是強調政府和社會各司其職，做好職責的分配。這里選擇直譯，外國讀者可能覺得莫名其妙，根據和老師們的討論，我決定增譯出“掌舵”和“劃槳”的內涵意思，兼顧原文和讀者。
總結：整個研討會進行得十分順利，老師和同學們就原文中的中國特色詞匯該如何讓翻譯的問題展開積極的研討。由于政治類文本多引用傳統文化典故，增加了原文理解難度和翻譯表達難度。經過討論，考慮到本文是政治外宣類文本，該文本主要是為了向外國讀者傳播中國社會治理，所以選擇增譯，既譯出典故，又補充寓意，傳播文化的同時也達到了讓讀者容易理解的目的。