匯報時間：2023年3月2日20:00-21:30
匯報地點：騰訊會議：797-518-188
匯報學(xué)生：周倩
指導(dǎo)教師：李渝
匯報題目：《中國超級水電工程生態(tài)環(huán)境工程創(chuàng)新技術(shù)》（第7章7.1.1-7.5.1）漢英翻譯實踐報告
參與導(dǎo)師：李渝、余鴻、黃元清
內(nèi)容簡介：
翻譯材料選自國家出版基金項目——大國重器·中國超級水電工程（糯扎渡卷）分冊：《中國超級水電工程生態(tài)環(huán)境工程創(chuàng)新技術(shù)》。全書共13萬字，分為十章。筆者選取第七章（7.1.1-7.5.1）共計16306字作為源文本，其主要內(nèi)容為移民安置環(huán)境保護(hù)工程的概況、國家對移民安置環(huán)境保護(hù)的相關(guān)政策法規(guī)要求、農(nóng)村污染防治技術(shù)及應(yīng)用情況、集中移民安置點生活污水處理工程和生活垃圾處置工程的施工方案。
源文本具有如下特點：
1. 源文本屬于工程類文本，專業(yè)性較強，因此術(shù)語較多且語言嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
2. 源文本句式多樣，既有許多并列短句又有大量長難句。如何處理各類句型從而做到準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)源文本意義，對譯者是一大挑戰(zhàn)。
譯文修改：
例1：
ST: 盡管糯扎渡水電站移民安置點環(huán)保水保工程初步設(shè)計工作已于2014年年底完成，但糯扎渡水電站移民安置點環(huán)保水保工程符合《意見》的要求，其設(shè)計實施和管理經(jīng)驗對當(dāng)?shù)卣瀼芈鋵嵵泄仓醒雵鴦?wù)院《關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)的意見》和《水污染防治行動計劃》具有重要意義。
TT1: The preliminary design of the environmental protection and water conservation work of the resettlement site of Nuozhadu Hydropower Station has been completed by the end of 2014, but this work met the requirements of Opinions. Its design and implementation, as well as management experience, have great significance for the local government to implement the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization and Action Plan for Water Pollution Control, published by the Central Committee and State Council of the Communist Party of China.
TT2: The preliminary design of the environmental protection and water conservation work of the resettlement site of Nuozhadu Hydropower Station has been completed by the end of 2014. This work is in line with Opinions, its design and implementation, as well as management experience, still have great significance for the local government to implement the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization and Action Plan for Water Pollution Control, published by the Central Committee and State Council of the Communist Party of China.
例2：
ST:不足：沉積污泥多，需定期進(jìn)行清理，綜合效益不高，污水易滲漏。化糞池處理效果有限，出水水質(zhì)差，不能直接排放水體，一般用于村莊周邊的農(nóng)田灌溉。如果外排，需經(jīng)后續(xù)好氧生物處理單元或生態(tài)技術(shù)單元進(jìn)一步處理。通過化糞池的預(yù)處理可有效防止管道堵塞，亦可有效降低后續(xù)處理單元的污染負(fù)荷。
TT1: Disadvantages: There is a lot of deposited sludge, which needs to be cleaned regularly, and it brings low comprehensive benefit and the sewage is easy to leak. Besides, the treatment effect of septic tanks is not well, which leads to poor water quality, thus the water could not be discharged directly, so generally, they are used for farmland irrigation around villages. When discharged, it needs to be further treated by a subsequent aerobic biological treatment unit or ecological technology unit. The pretreatment of septic tanks can effectively prevent pipeline blockage and reduce the pollution load of subsequent processing.
TT2: Disadvantages: The deposited sludge needs to be cleaned regularly. Otherwise, it will bring low comprehensive benefit and the sewage is easy to leak. Besides, the treatment effect of septic tanks is not well, which leads to poor water quality, so the water could not be discharged directly. It is generally used for farmland irrigation around villages. Before discharge, it needs to be further treated by a subsequent aerobic biological treatment unit or ecological technology unit. The pretreatment of septic tanks can effectively prevent pipeline blockage and reduce the pollution load of subsequent processing.
例3：
ST:水流以極低的速度在濕地內(nèi)均勻流動，通過生物助凝、吸附、周叢生物（包括微生物）降解、植物營養(yǎng)鹽吸收、微生物同化等機制凈化污水，大大提高濕地對污染物處理負(fù)荷，并利用根部形成的高生物量的生物膜、內(nèi)部小生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和濕地植物自身吸收作用等去除污水中的有機污染物及氮、磷營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。
TT1: The water flows regularly in the wetland at a very low speed. The sewage is purified through biological coagulation, adsorption, degradation of periphytic organisms (including microorganisms), absorption of plant nutrients, microbial assimilation, and other mechanisms, which can greatly improve the pollutant treatment load of the wetland. Organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in sewage are removed by high biomass biofilm formed in roots, internal small ecosystems, and wetland plants’ absorption.
TT2: The water flows regularly in the wetland at a very low speed, which contributes to the treatment of sewage. On the one hand, the sewage is purified through biological coagulation, adsorption, degradation of periphytic organisms (including microorganisms), absorption of plant nutrients, microbial assimilation, and other mechanisms, which can greatly improve the pollutant treatment load of the wetland. On the other hand, Organic pollutants and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in sewage are removed by high biomass biofilm formed in roots, internal small ecosystems, and wetland plants’ absorption.
研討反思：
通過此次翻譯研討，對翻譯的過程有了更加清楚的認(rèn)識，主要的收獲有以下三點：
第一、不要局限于句子，要以整體的角度看譯文。通過與老師們的案例討論，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在上下文的銜接上沒有處理得當(dāng)，這主要歸因于對文本的理解不夠準(zhǔn)確和深入，所以下一階段要不斷打磨推敲句子之間的關(guān)系，體現(xiàn)譯文的邏輯性和連貫性；
第二、受中文束縛的問題較為突出。由于原文屬于工程類文本，存在大量長難句，且句式揉雜的情況較多，譯者很容易陷入中文思維方式的陷阱，使譯文得不到清楚的表達(dá)。通過與老師的探討認(rèn)識到，譯者要準(zhǔn)確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，擺脫原文句式的影響，靈活采用不同的翻譯技巧，以寫出地道的英文譯文；
第三、注意翻譯的簡潔性。在源文本中有很多同義詞或范疇詞，或一一譯出會導(dǎo)致譯文冗余，使目的語讀者理解困難。通過探討，譯者也意識到了語言表達(dá)簡潔性的重要性。
